Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a major public health problem worldwide. According to the WHO, the annual incidence of such diseases is 357 million cases, half of which were detected to girls and young women aged 15 to 24 years. Every day, nearly 1 million women worldwide suffer from STDs, and most of them are unaware of their infectious status, making them a source of infection for others. STDs are often asymptomatic and can lead to various complications. The immediate goal of STD screening is to identify and treat infected individuals before complications develop, and to identify, test, and treat their sexual partners to prevent transmission and re-infection.
syphilis, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoplasmosis, HIV, hepatitis B virus, HPV (human papilloma virus), HSV-2 (genital herpes simplex virus type 2). Diseases such as vaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis caused by opportunistic pathogens are not currently sexually transmitted diseases, but are often considered in conjunction with them.
How to detect sexually transmitted diseases in time? The main thing is to see a doctor in time with the main symptoms, namely:
It is also advisable to screen all STDs at the same time and it is recommended to examine all sexual partners of the patient. The main method to accurately differentiate the disease – the laboratory diagnostics:
The treatment of sexually transmitted diseases is, firstly, the simultaneous treatment of both partners. Secondly, in the complex therapy, depending on the identified pathogen and the symptoms that bother the woman. And it is important to remember that the correct diagnostics and treatment are very important in prevention of serious complications, such as secondary infertility. For prophylactic purposes, it is necessary to be vaccinated against hepatitis B and human papillomaviruses, as well as to use male and female condoms correctly and systematically, and to pass the periodic examinations for sexually transmitted infections.
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